# ============================================================ # 生产环境 Nginx 配置 # 支持 HTTPS, HTTP/2, 安全 headers, 限流, WebSocket # ============================================================ user nginx; worker_processes auto; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; pid /run/nginx.pid; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; events { worker_connections 4096; multi_accept on; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # ==================== 日志格式 ==================== log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" ' 'rt=$request_time'; log_format json escape=json '{' '"time":"$time_iso8601",' '"remote_addr":"$remote_addr",' '"request":"$request",' '"status":$status,' '"body_bytes_sent":$body_bytes_sent,' '"referer":"$http_referer",' '"user_agent":"$http_user_agent",' '"request_time":$request_time,' '"upstream_response_time":"$upstream_response_time"' '}'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log json; # ==================== 基础优化 ==================== sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; keepalive_requests 1000; types_hash_max_size 2048; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_max_body_size 50m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; # ==================== Gzip 压缩 ==================== gzip on; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_min_length 1024; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss application/vnd.ms-fontobject font/opentype image/svg+xml image/x-icon; # ==================== 限流配置 ==================== # 全局 API 限流: 每秒 30 个请求 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api_limit:10m rate=30r/s; # 登录接口限流: 每分钟 10 个请求 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login_limit:10m rate=10r/m; # WebSocket 连接数限制 limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=ws_conn_limit:10m; # ==================== 上游服务 ==================== upstream gateway { server wm-gateway:8080; keepalive 32; } # ==================== HTTP → HTTPS 跳转 ==================== server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name _; # Let's Encrypt 验证路径 location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ { root /var/www/certbot; allow all; } # 其余请求全部 301 跳转到 HTTPS location / { return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } } # ==================== HTTPS 主服务 ==================== server { listen 443 ssl http2; listen [::]:443 ssl http2; server_name _; # ==================== SSL 证书 ==================== # Let's Encrypt 证书路径(使用 certbot 自动生成) ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}/fullchain.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}/privkey.pem; ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}/chain.pem; # SSL 优化 ssl_session_timeout 1d; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m; ssl_session_tickets off; # SSL 协议和加密套件 ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off; # OCSP Stapling ssl_stapling on; ssl_stapling_verify on; resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s; resolver_timeout 5s; # ==================== 安全 Headers ==================== add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload" always; add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always; add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always; add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always; add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always; add_header Permissions-Policy "camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=()" always; add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' data: https:; font-src 'self' data:; connect-src 'self' wss: ws: https:; frame-ancestors 'self';" always; # 隐藏 Nginx 版本 server_tokens off; # ==================== 前端静态资源 ==================== root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # HTML 文件不缓存(确保更新及时生效) location ~* \.html$ { expires -1; add_header Cache-Control "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate"; } } # 静态资源长期缓存(带 hash 的文件名) location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot|map)$ { expires 1y; add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable"; access_log off; } # ==================== API 反向代理 ==================== location /api/ { limit_req zone=api_limit burst=50 nodelay; limit_req_status 429; proxy_pass http://gateway/; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Request-ID $request_id; proxy_set_header Connection ""; proxy_connect_timeout 30s; proxy_send_timeout 60s; proxy_read_timeout 120s; proxy_buffering on; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 8 16k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 32k; # 文件上传大小限制 client_max_body_size 50m; } # 登录接口严格限流 location ~* ^/api/(auth|login|oauth) { limit_req zone=login_limit burst=5 nodelay; limit_req_status 429; proxy_pass http://gateway; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; } # ==================== WebSocket 代理 ==================== location /ws/ { limit_conn ws_conn_limit 10; proxy_pass http://gateway/ws/; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade"; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_connect_timeout 7d; proxy_send_timeout 7d; proxy_read_timeout 7d; } # ==================== MQTT over WebSocket ==================== location /mqtt { proxy_pass http://wm-emqx:8083/mqtt; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade"; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_read_timeout 3600s; } # ==================== GeoServer GIS 代理 ==================== location /geoserver/ { proxy_pass http://wm-geoserver:8080/geoserver/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; # GIS 数据可能较大 client_max_body_size 100m; proxy_read_timeout 300s; } # ==================== MinIO 对象存储代理 ==================== location /minio/ { proxy_pass http://wm-minio:9000/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; client_max_body_size 500m; } # ==================== 健康检查 ==================== location /health { access_log off; return 200 '{"status":"UP"}'; add_header Content-Type application/json; } # 禁止访问隐藏文件 location ~ /\. { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } # 错误页面 error_page 404 /index.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; internal; } } }