water-management-system/deploy/production/nginx/certbot-renew.sh

#!/bin/bash
# ============================================================
# Let's Encrypt 证书自动续期脚本
# 
# 首次申请证书:
#   certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/certbot \
#     -d your-domain.com -d www.your-domain.com \
#     --email admin@your-domain.com --agree-tos --no-eff-email
#
# 配置 cron 自动续期 (每天凌晨 3 点检查):
#   0 3 * * * /opt/water-management/deploy/production/nginx/certbot-renew.sh >> /var/log/certbot-renew.log 2>&1
# ============================================================
set -euo pipefail

# ==================== 配置 ====================
DOMAIN="${DOMAIN:-water.example.com}"
WEBROOT="/var/www/certbot"
EMAIL="${CERTBOT_EMAIL:-admin@example.com}"
NGINX_CONTAINER="${NGINX_CONTAINER:-wm-frontend}"
RENEW_DAYS_BEFORE_EXPIRY=30

# ==================== 函数 ====================

log() {
    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1"
}

# 检查证书是否需要续期
check_cert_expiry() {
    local cert_path="/etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}/fullchain.pem"
    
    if [ ! -f "$cert_path" ]; then
        log "⚠️ 证书文件不存在: $cert_path"
        return 1
    fi
    
    local expiry_date
    expiry_date=$(openssl x509 -enddate -noout -in "$cert_path" | cut -d= -f2)
    local expiry_epoch
    expiry_epoch=$(date -d "$expiry_date" +%s)
    local now_epoch
    now_epoch=$(date +%s)
    local days_left=$(( (expiry_epoch - now_epoch) / 86400 ))
    
    log "📅 证书过期时间: $expiry_date (剩余 ${days_left} 天)"
    
    if [ $days_left -le $RENEW_DAYS_BEFORE_EXPIRY ]; then
        log "⚠️ 证书将在 ${days_left} 天内过期，需要续期"
        return 0
    else
        log "✅ 证书有效，无需续期"
        return 1
    fi
}

# 首次申请证书
init_cert() {
    log "🔐 首次申请证书..."
    
    # 确保 webroot 目录存在
    mkdir -p "$WEBROOT"
    
    # 使用 webroot 方式申请（不需要停止 Nginx）
    certbot certonly --webroot \
        -w "$WEBROOT" \
        -d "$DOMAIN" \
        --email "$EMAIL" \
        --agree-tos \
        --no-eff-email \
        --non-interactive
    
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        log "✅ 证书申请成功"
        reload_nginx
    else
        log "❌ 证书申请失败"
        exit 1
    fi
}

# 续期证书
renew_cert() {
    log "🔄 开始续期证书..."
    
    certbot renew \
        --webroot \
        -w "$WEBROOT" \
        --non-interactive \
        --quiet
    
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        log "✅ 证书续期成功"
        reload_nginx
    else
        log "❌ 证书续期失败"
        send_alert "证书续期失败，请手动检查！"
        exit 1
    fi
}

# 重载 Nginx
reload_nginx() {
    log "🔄 重载 Nginx 配置..."
    
    if docker exec "$NGINX_CONTAINER" nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null; then
        log "✅ Nginx 重载成功"
    else
        log "⚠️ Docker 方式重载失败，尝试系统方式..."
        systemctl reload nginx 2>/dev/null || nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || true
    fi
}

# 发送告警（企业微信 Webhook）
send_alert() {
    local message="$1"
    local webhook="${WECOM_WEBHOOK:-}"
    
    if [ -z "$webhook" ]; then
        log "⚠️ 未配置企业微信 Webhook，跳过告警"
        return 0
    fi
    
    local payload
    payload=$(cat <<EOF
{
    "msgtype": "text",
    "text": {
        "content": "🚨 证书告警 [${DOMAIN}]\n${message}\n时间: $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')"
    }
}
EOF
)
    
    curl -s -X POST "$webhook" \
        -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
        -d "$payload" > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
    
    log "📤 告警已发送"
}

# ==================== 主逻辑 ====================

log "========================================="
log "Let's Encrypt 证书管理 - ${DOMAIN}"
log "========================================="

# 检查证书是否存在
if [ ! -d "/etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}" ]; then
    log "📋 证书不存在，执行首次申请"
    init_cert
else
    # 检查是否需要续期
    if check_cert_expiry; then
        renew_cert
    fi
fi

log "========================================="
log "执行完毕"
log "========================================="